Previous studies have demonstrated that chemical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus
(LH) with carbachol has an important role in the induction of antinociception in tail-flick test …

Background Chemical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus (LH) with carbachol induces
antinociception which is antagonized by blockade of orexin receptors in some pain …

Methamphetamine (METH) addiction is a growing epidemic worldwide. It is a common
psychiatric disease and stress has an important role in the drug seeking and relapse …

Methods: Subcutaneous (SC) administration of METH (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 mg/kg)
could induce CPP and it was found that METH with the dose of 0.5 mg/kg was more potent …

Nucleus accumbens (NAc) plays an essential role in morphine sensitization and
suppression of pain. Repeated exposure to stress and morphine increases dopamine …

Orexin plays an important role in pain modulation. Orexin-1 and orexin-2 receptors (Ox1r
and Ox2r) are found at high density in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray matter (vlPAG) …

Increased vulnerability to drug abuse has been observed after exposure to stress and the
prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a major role in the control of the stress response and reward …

Rationale Nucleus cuneiformis (NC), a reticular nucleus of the midbrain, is a part of the
descending pain modulatory system and therefore has an important role in pain perception …

Introduction: It has been shown that administration of WIN55, 212-2, a cannabinoid receptor
agonist, into the basolateral amygdala (BLA), dose-dependently increases the thermal …

Methods: After the development of CPP (0.5 mg/kg METH for three days, SC), in vivo single-
unit recordings were carried out the day after the post-test (post-conditioning day). On …