Accurate tissue differentiation during orthopedic and neurological surgeries is critical, given
that such surgeries involve operations on or in the vicinity of vital neurovascular structures …

During the robot-assisted laminectomy, vertebral laminas are removed via automatic milling
operation, while inadequate estimation of the remaining lamina thickness will result in …

Bone drilling is a crucial operation in spinal fusion surgery that requires precise control of
the applied force to ensure surgical safety. This manuscript aims to enhance the force servo …

Bone drilling mechanism study is the basis for the optimization of cortical bone drilling
process and drill geometry. In this paper, a drilling force model for modified drills with …

Orthopedic drills are currently used for various operations in surgical fields such as
orthopedics, ear, nose, and throat surgery. The path that orthopedic drills travel through the …