BACKGROUND Catalysis has had a transformative impact on society, playing a crucial role
in the production of modern materials, medicines, fuels, and chemicals. Precious metals …

All soluble proteins populate conformational ensembles that together constitute the native
state. Their fluctuations in water are intrinsic thermodynamic phenomena, and the …

Natural proteins are highly optimized for function but are often difficult to produce at a scale
suitable for biotechnological applications due to poor expression in heterologous systems …

The amino acid sequence of a protein affects both its structure and its function. Thus, the
ability to modify the sequence, and hence the structure and activity, of individual proteins in …

Decoration of phytochemicals contributes to the majority of metabolic diversity in nature,
whereas how this process alters the biological functions of their precursor molecules …

Many computational enzyme design approaches have been developed in recent years that
focus on a reduced set of key enzymatic features. Initial protocols mostly focused on the …

Alcohol-forming fatty acyl reductases (FARs) catalyze the reduction of thioesters to alcohols
and are key enzymes for microbial production of fatty alcohols. Many metabolic engineering …

Advances in sequencing techniques and statistical methods have made it possible not only
to predict sequences of ancestral proteins but also to identify thousands of mutations in the …

Thermostability enhancement is a fundamental aspect of protein engineering as a
biocatalyst's half-life is key for its industrial and biotechnological application, particularly at …

The free energy landscape concept that describes enzymes as an ensemble of differently
populated conformational sub-states in dynamic equilibrium is key for evaluating enzyme …