Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease is pandemic, with approximately 36
million infected individuals world-wide. For the vast majority of these individuals, untreated …

Summary Less than 0.5% of human immunodeficiency virus‐1 (HIV‐1)‐infected patients
maintain viral load below the threshold of detection by conventional assays for many years …

Elite controllers maintain HIV-1 viral loads below the limit of detection. The mechanisms
responsible for this phenomenon are poorly understood. As microRNAs (miRNAs) are …

Impairment of Nef function, including reduced CD4 downregulation, was described in a
subset of HIV-1-infected individuals that control viral replication without antiretroviral …

HIV Nef counteracts cellular host restriction factors SERINC3 and SERINC5, but our
understanding of how naturally occurring global Nef sequence diversity impacts these …

The HIV accessory protein Nef modulates key immune evasion and pathogenic functions,
and its encoding gene region exhibits high sequence diversity. Given the recent …

Background The highly genetically diverse HIV-1 group M subtypes may differ in their
biological properties. Nef is an important mediator of viral pathogenicity; however, to date, a …

In the search for control of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection without
antiretroviral therapy, posttreatment controllers (PTCs) are models of HIV remission. To …

Despite the effective use of antiretroviral therapy, the remainder of a latently HIV-1-infected
reservoir mainly in the resting memory CD4+ T lymphocyte subset has provided a great …

Long-term non-progressors (LTNP) were identified after 10–15 years of the epidemic, and
have been the subject of intense investigation ever since. In a small minority of cases …