In this paper, the particle acceleration processes around magnetotail dipolarization fronts
(DFs) were reviewed. We summarize the spacecraft observations (including Cluster …

We examine the pitch angle distribution (PAD) of suprathermal electrons (> 40 keV) inside
the flux pileup regions (FPRs) that are located behind the dipolarization fronts (DFs), in order …

Using Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms observations
from four tail seasons, we study the three‐dimensional structure of the dipolarization front …

The occurrence rate of earthward‐propagating dipolarization fronts (DFs) is investigated in
this paper based on the 9 years (2001–2009) of Cluster 1 data. For the first time, we select …

Magnetic reconnection underlies the physical mechanism of explosive phenomena in the
solar atmosphere and planetary magnetospheres, where plasma is usually collisionless. In …

During reconnection, a flux pileup region (FPR) is formed behind a dipolarization front in an
outflow jet. Inside the FPR, the magnetic field magnitude and Bz component increase and …

Dipolarization front (DF)—a sharp boundary with scale of ion inertial length (c/ωpi) in the
Earth's magnetotail—can also have fine structures at electron scale (c/ωpe). Such electron …

Using MMS high‐resolution measurements, we present the first observation of fast electron
jet (V e~ 2,000 km/s) at a dipolarization front (DF) in the magnetotail plasma sheet. This jet …

Occurrence of electrostatic solitary waves (ESWs) is ubiquitous in space plasmas, eg, solar
wind, Lunar wake and the planetary magnetospheres. Several theoretical models have …

Electrostatic solitary waves (ESWs) have been reported inside reconnection jets, but their
source and role remain unclear hitherto. Here we present the first observational evidence of …