Plant diseases are a constant and serious threat to agriculture and ecological biodiversity.
Plants possess a sophisticated innate immunity system capable of detecting and responding …

The plant extracellular space, referred to as the apoplast, is inhabited by a variety of
microorganisms. Reflecting the crucial nature of this compartment, both plants and …

Abstract Since 2005, the Pathogen–Host Interactions Database (PHI-base) has manually
curated experimentally verified pathogenicity, virulence and effector genes from fungal …

Phytopathogenic fungi secrete chitin deacetylase (CDA) to escape the host's immunological
defense during infection. Here, we showed that the deacetylation activity of CDA toward …

Effectors are small, secreted molecules that mediate the establishment of interactions in
nature. While some concepts of effector biology have stood the test of time, this area of study …

Fungal and oomycete pathogens secrete complex arrays of proteins and small RNAs to
interface with plant-host targets and manipulate plant regulatory networks to the microbes' …

The broad host range fungal insect pathogen, Beauveria bassiana, has been
commercialized as an alternative to chemical insecticides for pest control worldwide. B …

Crops are constantly exposed to pathogenic microbes. Rust fungi are examples of these
harmful microorganisms, which have a major economic impact on wheat production. To …

Plant pathogenic fungi encode and secrete effector proteins to promote pathogenesis. In
recent years, the important role of effector proteins in fungi and plant host interactions has …

Fungal effectors play critical roles in manipulating plant immune responses and promoting
colonization. Sphaerulina musiva is a heterothallic ascomycete fungus that causes Septoria …