Temperament describes the idea that individual behavioural differences are repeatable over
time and across situations. This common phenomenon covers numerous traits, such as …

Recent studies of animal personality have focused on its proximate causation and its
ecological and evolutionary significance, but have mostly ignored questions about its …

Coyotes (Canis latrans) are highly adaptable, medium-sized carnivores that now inhabit
nearly every large city in the United States and Canada. To help understand how coyotes …

The study of nonhuman personality capitalizes on the fact that individuals of many species
behave in predictable, variable, and quantifiable ways. Although a few empirical studies …

This review examines the contribution of research on fishes to the growing field of
behavioural syndromes. Current knowledge of behavioural syndromes in fishes is reviewed …

In recent years evidence has been accumulating that personalities are not only found in
humans but also in a wide range of other animal species,,,,,,. Individuals differ consistently in …

In this paper we review recent models that provide adaptive explanations for animal
personalities: individual differences in behaviour (or suites of correlated behaviours) that are …

The scientific study of networks-computer, social, and biological-has received an enormous
amount of interest in recent years. However, the network approach has been applied to the …

A perplexing new question that has emerged from the recent surge of interest in behavioural
syndromes or animal personalities is–why do individual animals behave consistently when …

Highlights•Animal personality traits tend to be stable within life stages but not across.•
Metamorphosis and/or sexual maturation are important for personality development.• …