Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) deliver cargo destined for degradation to the vacuole or
lysosome. The ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required for transport) pathway is a key …

Enveloped viruses escape infected cells by budding through limiting membranes. In the
decade since the discovery that HIV recruits cellular ESCRT (endosomal sorting complexes …

The origin of the eukaryotic cell remains one of the most contentious puzzles in modern
biology. Recent studies have provided support for the emergence of the eukaryotic host cell …

Eukaryotic cells have been confronted throughout their evolution with potentially lethal
plasma membrane injuries, including those caused by osmotic stress, by infection from …

Interaction of microbes with their environment depends on features of the dynamic microbial
surface throughout cell growth and division. Surface modifications, whether used to acquire …

Selective trafficking of membrane proteins to lysosomes for destruction is required for proper
cell signalling and metabolism. Ubiquitylation aids this process by specifying which proteins …

Multivesicular bodies (MVBs) are unique organelles in the endocytic pathway that contain
vesicles in their lumen. Sorting and incorporation of material into such vesicles is a critical …

During the last 100 years, cell signaling has evolved into a common mechanism for most
physiological processes across systems. Although the majority of cell signaling principles …

Endocytosis and endosomal trafficking are essential processes in cells that control the
dynamics and turnover of plasma membrane proteins, such as receptors, transporters, and …

The concept of disease-specific chemotherapy was developed a century ago. Dyes and
arsenical compounds that displayed selectivity against trypanosomes were central to this …