In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), loss of cellular proteins increases the risks of
morbidity and mortality. Persistence of muscle protein catabolism in CKD results in striking …

Protein energy wasting (PEW) is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and
is associated with adverse clinical outcomes, especially in individuals receiving …

Acute kidney disease (AKD)-which includes acute kidney injury (AKI)–and chronic kidney
disease (CKD) are highly prevalent among hospitalized patients, including those in …

Abstract The National Kidney Foundation's Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative
(KDOQI) has provided evidence-based guidelines for nutrition in kidney diseases since …

Patients with chronic kidney failure—defined as a glomerular filtration rate persistently below
15 mL/min per 1· 73 m 2—have an unacceptably high mortality rate. In developing countries …

Sex and gender differences are of fundamental importance in most diseases, including
chronic kidney disease (CKD). Men and women with CKD differ with regard to the …

Summary Background & aims Protein-Energy Wasting (PEW) is the depletion of
protein/energy stores observed in the most advanced stages of Chronic Kidney Disease …

Parenteral nutrition (PN) represents one of the most notable achievements of modern
medicine, serving as a therapeutic modality for all age groups across the healthcare …

Frailty, the state of increased vulnerability to physical stressors as a result of progressive and
sustained degeneration in multiple physiological systems, is common in those with chronic …

ABSTRACT Protein-energy wasting (PEW), characterized by a decline in body protein mass
and energy reserves, including muscle and fat wasting and visceral protein pool contraction …