In recent years, accumulating evidence has elucidated the role of lysosomes in dynamically
regulating cellular and organismal homeostasis. Lysosomal changes and dysfunction have …

Inhibiting cell survival and inducing cell death are the main approaches of tumor therapy.
Autophagy plays an important role on intracellular metabolic homeostasis by eliminating …

Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic process seen in eukaryotes and is essentially a
lysosome-dependent protein degradation pathway. The dysregulation of autophagy is often …

ATG5 is a part of the E3 ligase directing lipidation of ATG8 proteins, a process central to
membrane atg8ylation and canonical autophagy. Loss of Atg5 in myeloid cells causes early …

Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are an important source of foam cells in
atherosclerosis. The mechanism for VSMC-derived foam cell formation is, however, poorly …

Lysosomes are the terminal degradative compartment of autophagy, endocytosis and
phagocytosis. What once was viewed as a simple acidic organelle in charge of …

Intracellular pathogens have evolved various efficient molecular armaments to subvert
innate defenses. Cellular ubiquitination, a normal physiological process to maintain …

Age‐related diseases represent some of the largest unmet clinical needs of our time. While
treatment of specific disease‐related signs has had some success (for example, the effect of …

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent programmed cell death associated with severe kidney
diseases, linked to decreased glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). However, the spatial …

Galectins are animal lectins with specific affinity for galactosides via the conserved
carbohydrate recognition domains. Increasing studies recently have identified critical roles …