In cardiovascular research, sex and gender have not typically been considered in research
design and reporting until recently. This has resulted in clinical research findings from which …

Anabolic androgenic steroids (AASs) represent a large group of synthetic derivatives of
testosterone, produced to maximize anabolic effects and minimize the androgenic ones …

Objectives: This study investigated the effect of a 12-week long-acting testosterone
administration on maximal exercise capacity, ventilatory efficiency, muscle strength, insulin …

Sex has an important influence on blood pressure (BP) regulation. There is increasing
evidence that sex hormones interfere with the renin-angiotensin system. Thus the purpose of …

The present discussion reviews current knowledge regarding influences of the primary
reproductive hormones on mechanisms of thermoregulatory control in women. The human …

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death for both men and women.
Hypertension is less prevalent in young women compared with young men, but menopausal …

In heart failure, impairment of cardiac muscle function leads to numerous neurohormonal
and metabolic disorders, including an imbalance between anabolic and catabolic …

Mechanisms responsible for atrial fibrillation are not completely understood but the
autonomic nervous system is a potentially potent modulator of the initiation, maintenance …

BACKGROUND: We investigated whether anabolic deficiency was linked to exercise
intolerance in men with chronic heart failure (CHF). Anabolic hormones (testosterone …

The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of nandrolone (ND) on cardiac
inflammatory cytokines, ACE activity, troponin I, and the sensitivity of the Bezold–Jarisch …