Parkinson's disease (PD) is clinically, pathologically, and genetically heterogeneous,
resisting distillation to a single, cohesive disorder. Instead, each affected individual develops …

In Parkinson disease (PD), pathological processes and neurodegeneration begin long
before the cardinal motor symptoms develop and enable clinical diagnosis. In this prodromal …

Background Emerging evidence shows that α-synuclein seed amplification assays (SAAs)
have the potential to differentiate people with Parkinson's disease from healthy controls. We …

Depression is one of the most frequent and burdensome non-motor symptoms in
Parkinson's disease (PD), across all stages. Even when its severity is mild, PD depression …

The pathogenesis and clinical heterogeneity of Parkinson's disease (PD) have been
evaluated from molecular, pathophysiological, and clinical perspectives. High-throughput …

The discovery of glucocerebrosidase (GBA1) mutations as the greatest numerical genetic
risk factor for the development of Parkinson disease (PD) resulted in a paradigm shift within …

Heterozygous mutations of the GBA1 gene, encoding for lysosomal enzyme
glucocerebrosidase (GCase), occur in a considerable percentage of all patients with …

Background Glucocerebrosidase gene mutations are a common genetic risk factor for
Parkinson's disease. They exhibit incomplete penetrance. The objective of the present study …

The clinical presentation of Parkinson's disease (PD) is both complex and heterogeneous,
and its precise classification often requires an intensive work-up. The differential diagnosis …

Depression, with an estimated prevalence of about 40% is a most common neuropsychiatric
disorder in Parkinson disease (PD), with a negative impact on quality of life, cognitive …