Opioids are mainly used to treat both acute and chronic pain. Several opioids are
metabolized to some extent by CYP2D6 (codeine, tramadol, hydrocodone, oxycodone, and …

Beta‐blockers are widely used medications for a variety of indications, including heart
failure, myocardial infarction, cardiac arrhythmias, and hypertension. Genetic variability in …

Dopamine has effects on the mammalian heart. These effects can include an increase in the
force of contraction, and an elevation of the beating rate and the constriction of coronary …

CYP2D6 genotype is increasingly being integrated into practice to guide prescribing of
certain medications. The CYP2D6 drug metabolizing enzyme is susceptible to inhibition by …

Metoprolol is a medication commonly utilized in select patients to achieve a reduction in
heart rate, systolic blood pressure, or other indications. A majority of metoprolol metabolism …

This study provides a whole‐body physiologically‐based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model of
dextromethorphan and its metabolites dextrorphan and dextrorphan O‐glucuronide for …

Abstract Cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) is a key enzyme that mediates the metabolism of
various drugs and endogenous substances in humans. However, its biological role in drug …

Background This prospective, observational study was designed to assess the phenotype
variation of the genes associated with pain and opioid use following total knee arthroplasty …

In toxicogenetics, an integrative approach including the prediction of phenotype based on
post-mortem genotyping of drug-metabolising enzymes might help explain the cause of …

Pharmacogenomic testing has emerged as an aid in clinical decision making for psychiatric
providers, but more data is needed regarding its utility in clinical practice and potential …