In the last decade transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been the subject of more
than 20,000 original research articles. Despite this popularity, TMS responses are known to …

Objective Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive tool used for studying
cortical excitability and plasticity in the human brain. This review aims to quantitatively …

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies investigating motor cortex reorganization in
clinical populations use a variety of measurements, with some performed at rest and others …

Sarcopenia is an age-related geriatric syndrome which is characterized by the gradual loss
of muscle mass, muscle strength, and muscle quality. There are a lot of neurologic insults on …

Objective To investigate whether rotator cuff tendinopathy leads to changes in central motor
representation of a rotator cuff muscle, and to assess whether such changes are related to …

The goal of this study was to optimize the transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) protocol
for acquiring a reliable estimate of corticospinal excitability (CSE) using single-pulse TMS …

Background. Aging is associated with muscle weakness and impairment in performing
skilled motor tasks. Still, little is known about whether the link or functional coupling or …

Corticospinal tract excitability can be altered by age, physical activity (PA), and possibly sex,
but whether these effects differ between upper and lower limb muscles is unknown. We …

Task-evoked trial-by-trial variability is a ubiquitous property of neural responses, yet its
functional role remains largely unclear. Recent work in nonhuman primates shows that the …

Acute High-Intensity Interval Exercise Modulates Corticospinal Excitability in Older Adults
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