Middle ear ossicles transfer and amplify sound waves from the Tympanic Membrane (TM) to
the inner ear and function as impedance transformers to overcome impedance mismatches …

Objective To systematically review the anatomy of the ossicular chain. Data Sources Google
Scholar, PubMed, and otologic textbooks. Review Methods A systematic literature search …

The stapes is held in the oval window by the stapedial annular ligament (SAL), which
restricts total peak-to-peak displacement of the stapes. Previous studies have suggested that …

Goal: Intracochlear sound pressure (ICSP) measurements are limited by the small
dimensions of the human inner ear and the requirements imposed by the liquid medium. A …

The role of the ossicular joints in the mammalian middle ear is still debated. This work tests
the hypothesis that the two synovial joints filter potentially damaging impulsive stimuli by …

A finite element model of the human ear considering viscoelasticity and hyperelasticity of the
middle-ear (ME) soft tissues is developed in this paper. The present model is validated by …

Electromagnetic middle ear implants (MEIs), which use the mechanical vibration of their
implanted transducers to treat hearing loss, have emerged to overcome the limitations of …

The time delay and/or malfunctioning of the Eustachian tube may cause pressure
differences across the tympanic membrane, resulting in quasi-static movements of the …

Damping plays an important role in the middle ear (ME) sound transmission system.
However, how to mechanically characterize the damping of ME soft tissues and the role of …

The vibration response of the middle ear (ME) to sound changes when static pressure
gradients are applied across the tympanic membrane (TM). To date, it has not been well …