Beside mosquitoes, ticks are well-known vectors of different human pathogens. In the
Northern Hemisphere, Lyme borreliosis (Eurasia, LB) or Lyme disease (North America, LD) …

Until recently, the transmission of tick-borne pathogens via vertebrates was thought to
depend on the development of a systemic infection in the vertebrate hosts. Pathogen …

Background Ixodes ricinus is the main vector in Europe of human-pathogenic Lyme
borreliosis (LB) spirochaetes, the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) and other pathogens …

This is a critical evaluation of the influence of species diversity within communities of
vertebrates on the risk of human exposure to vector-borne zoonoses. Vertebrates serve as …

ABSTRACT In Europe, Borrelia burgdorferi genospecies causing Lyme borreliosis are
mainly transmitted by the tick Ixodes ricinus. Since its discovery, B. burgdorferi has been the …

Since the discovery of the Lyme disease spirochete in North America in 1982 and in Europe
in 1983, a plethora of studies on this unique group of spirochetes that comprise Borrelia …

The highest annual incidence of human tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Sweden ever
recorded by the Swedish Institute for Communicable Disease Control (SMI) occurred last …

The two major vector-borne diseases of northern temperate regions, tick-borne encephalitis
(TBE) and Lyme borreliosis (LB), show very different epidemiological patterns, but both have …

The main vectors of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, the cause of Lyme borreliosis, are ixodid
ticks of the Ixodes persulcatus species complex. These ticks, which occur throughout the …

The analysis of different multi-host systems suggests that even hosts that are not capable of
transmitting Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (sl.) to the tick vector, Ixodes ricinus, or that are …