The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) caused
a pandemic named coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) that has become the greatest …

The FDA approval of imatinib in 2001 was a breakthrough in molecularly targeted cancer
therapy and heralded the emergence of kinase inhibitors as a key drug class in the oncology …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in older adults. Although AD
progression is characterized by stereotyped accumulation of proteinopathies, the affected …

Due to the advantages in efficacy and safety compared with traditional chemotherapy drugs,
targeted therapeutic drugs have become mainstream cancer treatments. Since the first …

The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling
pathway was discovered more than a quarter-century ago. As a fulcrum of many vital cellular …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an incurable systemic autoimmune disease. Disease
progression leads to joint deformity and associated loss of function, which significantly …

Cancer immunotherapy has been accompanied by promising results over the past few
years. Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD-1) plays a vital role in inhibiting immune …

Janus kinase (JAK) is a family of cytoplasmic non-receptor tyrosine kinases that includes
four members, namely JAK1, JAK2, JAK3, and TYK2. The JAKs transduce cytokine signaling …

Ulcerative colitis (UC) specifically affects the colon and rectum through multifactorial
mechanisms associated with genetic alterations, environmental factors, microbiota, and …

Transcription factors (TFs) represent key biological players in diseases including cancer,
autoimmunity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. However, outside nuclear receptors …