Most fish studied to date efficiently compensate for a hypercapnic acid-base disturbance;
however, many recent studies examining the effects of ocean acidification on fish have …

Adjustments of ventilation in fishes to regulate the volume of water flowing over the gills are
critically important responses to match branchial gas transfer with metabolic needs and to …

The hypoxic ventilatory response is arguably the single most important physiological
response accompanying the exposure of fish to lowered ambient P o 2. Increases in …

Hypoxia and Cu 2+ pollution often occur simultaneously in aquatic ecosystems and jointly
affect physiology of fish. As the respiratory and ion exchange tissue of fish, how gill responds …

Parental influences are a potentially important component of transgenerational transfer of
phenotype in vertebrates. This study examined how chronic hypoxic exposure on adult …

The coordination of the hypoxic response is attributed, in part, to hypoxia-inducible factor 1α
(Hif-1α), a regulator of hypoxia-induced transcription. After the teleost-specific genome …

In aquatic environments, hypoxia is a multi-dimensional stressor that can vary in O2 level
(partial pressure of O2 in water, P wO2), rate of induction and duration. Natural hypoxic …

The exceptional hypoxia tolerance of the goldfish heart may be achieved through the
activation of an alternative mechanism recruiting the first product of the anaerobic glycolysis …

Surviving hypoxia is one of the most critical challenges faced by vertebrates. Most species
have adapted to changing levels of oxygen in their environment with specialized organs that …

Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous neurotransmitter, which, in adult mammals, modulates the
acute hypoxic ventilatory response; its role in the control of breathing in fish during …