Purpose Data on vowel formants have been derived primarily from static measures
representing an assumed steady state. This review summarizes data on formant frequencies …

Speaker verification involves examining the speech signal to authenticate the claim of a
speaker as true or false. Deep neural networks are one of the successful implementation of …

Animals often use acoustical cues, such as formant frequencies, to assess the size of
potential mates and rivals. Reliable vocal cues to size may be under sexual selection. In …

Objectives: When listening to two competing speakers, normal-hearing (NH) listeners can
take advantage of voice differences between the speakers. Users of cochlear implants (CIs) …

Sociophonetics focuses on the relationship between phonetic or phonological form on the
one hand, and social and regional factors on the other, working across fields as diverse as …

We can recognize familiar people by their voices, and familiar talkers are more intelligible
than unfamiliar talkers when competing talkers are present. However, whether the acoustic …

Vocal tract length is highly variable across speakers and determines many aspects of the
acoustic speech signal, making it an essential parameter to consider for explaining …

Studies of several mammalian species confirm that formant frequencies (vocal tract
resonances) predict height and weight better than does fundamental frequency (F0 …

We understand speech from different speakers with ease, whereas artificial speech
recognition systems struggle with this task. It is unclear how the human brain solves this …

Formants (vocal tract resonances) are increasingly analyzed not only by phoneticians in
speech but also by behavioral scientists studying diverse phenomena such as acoustic size …