Seed persistence is the survival of seeds in the environment once they have reached
maturity. Seed persistence allows a species, population or genotype to survive long after the …

Synzoochory is the dispersal of seeds by seed-caching animals. The animal partner in this
interaction plays a dual role, acting both as seed disperser and seed predator. We propose …

The ongoing increase in global temperature affects biodiversity, especially in mountain
regions where climate change is exacerbated. As sessile, long‐lived organisms, trees are …

Abstract Pines (n= 121 species) are important elements of forest ecosystems. They are
economically and ecologically valuable and are often at the center of efforts to manage …

Transition zones between mountain forests and treeless tundra, ie treeline ecotones, are
characterized by great regional variety. In this paper, we discuss the biodiversity in various …

Abiotic factors, biotic interactions and dispersal ability determine the spatial distribution of
species. Theory predicts that abiotic constraints set range limits under harsh climatic …

For many squirrel species, their intense–arguably coevolutionary–interactions with seed and
nut producing trees have significantly shaped their biology and diversity. Here we provide …

Habitats are characterized by different local environmental conditions that influence both
behavior and morphology of species, which can result in habitat‐dependent phenotypic …

Background Human food subsidies can provide predictable food sources in large quantities
for wildlife species worldwide. In the boreal forest of Fennoscandia, gut piles from moose …

Scatter-hoarding mammals are thought to rely on spatial memory to relocate food caches.
Yet, we know little about how long these granivores (primarily rodents) recall specific cache …