Currently, sustainability is one of the most important subjects in architecture and urban
design. Sustainable design strategies reduce energy consumption of buildings and …

Courtyard design is a sustainable strategy for reducing energy consumption and improving
thermal comfort. In addition, as climate-responsive buildings, courtyards can create …

Nowadays, outdoor thermal comfort is one of the vital factors for urban health and well-
being. The first purpose of study was to evaluate the environmental parameters and outdoor …

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the design of courtyards for the
microclimatic enhancement of outdoor spaces. However, there is still little knowledge …

Schools in hot arid climate depend on courtyard to encourage students' for social activity. In
order to improve Outdoor Thermal Comfort (OTC), applying passive mitigation strategies in …

It is necessary to determine if the tools used in the process of building performance
calculation accurately reflect the real conditions, with the objective of introducing simulation …

The relationship between urban geometry and microclimate is a relevant topic for both urban
planning and urban climatology, as it significantly influences the thermal comfort of …

The growing interest in thermal comfort of outdoor environments yields in different analysis
on courtyards as a common space between urban and architectural scales. However, there …

At present, the energy used for air conditioning in buildings in urban areas accounts for over
36% of total global energy consumption. Energy efficiency has become a critical factor in the …

Built environment configurations of vernacular architecture are the result of an evolutionary
adaptation to climatic conditions, while the historic districts of many cities worldwide are …