Unlike animals, plants are immobile and could not actively escape the effects of aggressive
environmental factors, such as pathogenic microorganisms, insect pests, parasitic plants …

Over the last decades, there was increasing evidence for the presence of innate immune
memory in living organisms. In this review, we compare the innate immune memory of …

The study of epigenetics in plants has a long and rich history, from initial descriptions of non-
Mendelian gene behaviors to seminal discoveries of chromatin-modifying proteins and …

Epigenetic variations are involved in the control of plant developmental processes and
participate in shaping phenotypic plasticity to the environment. Intense breeding has eroded …

Posttranslational modifications (PTM s) of proteins greatly expand proteome diversity,
increase functionality, and allow for rapid responses, all at relatively low costs for the cell …

Nutrient deficiency has resulted in impaired growth and development of the population
globally. Microgreens are considered immature greens (required light for photosynthesis …

Transcriptional reprogramming is integral to effective plant defense. Pathogen effectors act
transcriptionally and posttranscriptionally to suppress defense responses. A major challenge …

The plant innate immune system comprises local and systemic immune responses. Systemic
plant immunity develops after foliar infection by microbial pathogens, upon root colonization …

Fungal diseases pose constant threats to the global economy and food safety. As the largest
group of plant fungal pathogens, necrotrophic fungi cause heavy crop losses worldwide. The …

Being a staple food, wheat (Triticum aestivum) nutritionally fulfills all requirements of human
health and also serves as a significant link in the food chain for the ingestion of pollutants by …