Gliomas are the common type of brain tumors originating from glial cells. Epidemiologically,
gliomas occur among all ages, more often seen in adults, which males are more susceptible …

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common high-grade primary malignant brain tumor with an
extremely poor prognosis. Given the poor survival with currently approved treatments for …

Chemotherapy combined with or without targeted therapy is the fundamental treatment for
metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Due to the adverse effects of chemotherapeutic drugs …

Glioblastomas are the most common form of malignant primary brain tumor and an important
cause of morbidity and mortality. In recent years there have been important advances in …

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has revolutionized modern cancer therapy, arousing
great interest in the neuro-oncology community. While several reports show that subsets of …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors, including antibodies that block programmed cell death protein-
1 (PD-1) and PD-L1, have transformed the management of many cancers. However, the …

Diffuse gliomas represent a heterogeneous group of universally lethal brain tumors
characterized by minimally effective genotype-targeted therapies. Recent advances have …

A high tumour mutational burden (hypermutation) is observed in some gliomas,,,–; however,
the mechanisms by which hypermutation develops and whether it predicts the response to …

Brain malignancies can either originate from within the CNS (gliomas) or invade from other
locations in the body (metastases). A highly immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment …

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatments benefit some patients with metastatic cancers,
but predictive biomarkers are needed. Findings in selected cancer types suggest that tumor …