The autonomic nervous system as operating system of the human organism permeats all
organ systems with its pathways permeating that it is involved with virtually all diseases …

Autonomic nervous system (ANS) imbalance manifesting as cardiac autonomic neuropathy
in the diabetic population is an important predictor of cardiovascular events. Symptoms and …

Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a major complication of type 1 and type 2 diabetes
mellitus (T1DM and T2DM). The increased morbidity, cardiovascular and all-cause mortality …

Previous studies demonstrated an important role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of
cardiovascular disease (CVD) in diabetic patients due to hyperglycemia. CVD remains the …

Several disabling symptoms potentially related to dysautonomia have been reported in “long-
COVID” patients. Unfortunately, these symptoms are often nonspecific, and autonomic …

Purpose Currently available techniques for the evaluation of small fiber neuropathy and
related sudomotor function remain suboptimal. Electrochemical skin conductance (ESC) has …

Purpose: Electrochemical skin conductance (ESC) using reverse iontophoresis and
chronoamperometry has been used to evaluate abnormal function of small fibers. How ESC …

Purpose To review the currently available literature on clinical autonomic tests of sudomotor
function. Methods We searched PubMED/MEDLINE for articles on technical principles and …

The diagnosis and follow-up of peripheral neuropathies involving small-diameter nerve
fibers require specific examinations beyond conventional nerve conduction studies which …

Importance Small fiber neuropathy (SFN) is an important feature of transthyretin familial
amyloid polyneuropathy (TTR-FAP). A practical and objective method for the clinical …