The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis is based on dissemination in time and space. Before
2010 lack of evidence for dissemination in space could be substituted by a paraclinical test …

During the last decades, the effort of establishing satisfactory biomarkers for multiple
sclerosis has been proven to be very difficult, due to the clinical and pathophysiological …

Background Oligoclonal bands (OCB) are the most widely used CSF test to support the
diagnosis of MS and to predict conversion of clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) to multiple …

Objective To determine and validate a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) κ (KCSF) value statistically
comparable to detection of CSF-specific oligoclonal bands (OCB) to support the diagnosis of …

Intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis is observed in several disorders of the central nervous
system, but its detection by current laboratory tests is relatively insensitive and operator …

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis is routinely used in the diagnostic work-up of multiple
sclerosis (MS), by detecting CSF-specific oligoclonal bands (OCB). More recently, several …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system,
usually occurring in young adults and leading to disability. Despite the progress in …

Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) used in immunoglobulin gamma (IgG) index testing
and oligoclonal bands (OCBs) are common laboratory tests used in the diagnosis of multiple …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that
involves an intricate and aberrant interaction of immune cells leading to inflammation …

Background and purpose The gold standard for detection of intrathecal immunoglobulin
synthesis is the measurement of oligoclonal bands (OCB). In the diagnosis of multiple …