Interfacial reactions drive all elemental cycling on Earth and play pivotal roles in human
activities such as agriculture, water purification, energy production and storage …

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have the potential to be one of the cleanest and most efficient
energy technologies for direct conversion of chemical fuels to electricity. Economically …

For decades, turnover frequency (TOF) has served as an accurate descriptor of the intrinsic
activity of a catalyst, including those in electrocatalytic reactions involving both fuel …

Abstract Structure–activity relationships built on descriptors of bulk and bulk-terminated
surfaces are the basis for the rational design of electrocatalysts. However, electrochemically …

Chemical analysis of solid–liquid interfaces under electrochemical conditions has recently
become feasible due to the development of new synchrotron radiation techniques. Here we …

A detailed understanding of the sources, transformations and fates of organic species in the
environment is crucial because of the central roles that they play in human health …

Hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) is establishing itself as an essential
technique for the characterisation of materials. The number of specialised photoelectron …

Platinum and palladium are frequently used as catalytic materials, for example for the
oxidation of CO. This is one of the most widely studied reactions in the field of surface …

We report a new method to probe the solid-liquid interface through the use of a thin liquid
layer on a solid surface. An ambient pressure XPS (AP-XPS) endstation that is capable of …

Surface redox-active centres in transition-metal oxides play a key role in determining the
efficacy of electrocatalysts. The extreme sensitivity of surface redox states to temperatures, to …