General relativity marked the beginning of modern cosmology and it has since been at the
centre of many of the key developments in this field. In the present review, we discuss the …

A bstract We initiate a study of gravity focusing on generic null hypersurfaces, non-
perturbatively in the Newton coupling. We present an off-shell account of the extended …

The aim of this paper is to introduce a new modified gravity theory named f (G, T) f (G, T)
gravity (GG and T are the Gauss–Bonnet invariant and trace of the energy-momentum …

Energy conditions can play an important role in defining the cosmological evolution.
Specifically acceleration/deceleration of cosmic fluid, as well as the emergence of Big Rip …

Describing and, to a certain extent, understanding the concept of complexity has been
investigated in a variety of research fields. Various ad hoc formal definitions and …

We consider $ f (R, T) $ theory of gravity, where $ R $ is the curvature scalar and $ T $ the
trace of the energy momentum tensor. Attention is attached to the special case, $ f (R, T)= R+ …

In the standard approach to cosmological modeling in the framework of general relativity, the
energy conditions play an important role in the understanding of several properties of the …

Singularities are ubiquitous in nature and generate high levels of interest and activity among
scientists. At a singularity, a parameter of interest becomes indeterminate, a single point at …

To recreate the cosmological models, we employed the parametrization approach in
modified teleparallel Gauss–Bonnet gravity. It has been interesting to apply the …

The recently proposed f (Q, T) gravity (Xu et al 2019 Eur. Phys. J. C 79, 708) is an extension
of the symmetric teleparallel gravity. The gravitational action L is given by an arbitrary …