More than one and a half centuries ago, adverse human health effects were reported after
use of a cadmium-containing silver polishing agent. Long-term cadmium exposure gives rise …

Abstract Purpose of Review Biomarkers are commonly used in epidemiological studies to
assess metals and metalloid exposure and estimate internal dose, as they integrate multiple …

Background Cadmium exposure has been associated with increased diabetes risk in
several studies, though there is still considerable debate about the magnitude and shape of …

Cadmium (Cd) is a food-chain contaminant that has high rates of soil-to-plant transference.
This phenomenon makes dietary Cd intake unavoidable. Although long-term Cd intake …

Cadmium, a toxic heavy metal, is widely present in food. It has been reported that chronic
cadmium exposure is associated with kidney disease, osteoporosis, cardiovascular disease …

In much of the world, currently employed upper limits of tolerable intake and acceptable
excretion of cadmium (Cd)(ECd/Ecr) are 0.83 µg/kg body weight/day and 5.24 µg/g …

The blood-testis barrier (BTB) is one of the tightest blood-tissue barriers in the mammalian
body. It divides the seminiferous epithelium into the basal and the apical (adluminal) …

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic metals without biological function, and its
accumulation in living organisms has been reported. The kidney is a target organ in Cd …

Organisms have developed their internal biochemistry in close connection to the
composition of the natural environment. Humans, as well as all mammals, unlike …

Abstract Chemistry and Human Health, Division VII of the International Union on Pure and
Applied Chemistry (IUPAC), provides guidance on risk assessment methodology and, as …