The first responders of human antiviral immunity are components of the intrinsic immune
response that reside within each and every one of our cells. This cell-autonomous arsenal …

The most studied HIV eradication approach is the “shock and kill” strategy, which aims to
reactivate the latent reservoir by latency reversing agents (LRAs) and allowing elimination of …

HIV-1 persists in cellular reservoirs that can reignite viremia if antiretroviral therapy (ART) is
interrupted. Therefore, insight into the nature of those reservoirs may be revealed from the …

Binding to the receptor, CD4, drives the pretriggered,“closed”(state-1) conformation of the
human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein (Env) trimer into more …

CCR5 plays immune functions and is the coreceptor for R5 HIV-1 strains. It exists in diverse
conformations and oligomerization states. We interrogated the significance of the CCR5 …

In addition to CD4+ T lymphocytes, cells of the myeloid lineage such as macrophages,
dendritic cells (DCs), and osteoclasts (OCs) are emerging as important target cells for HIV-1 …

Despite combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), HIV+ patients still develop neurological
disorders, which may be due to persistent HIV infection and selective evolution in brain …

There is growing recognition of the diversity of viruses that can infect the cells of the central
nervous system (CNS). While the majority of CNS infections are successfully cleared by the …

Abstract Purpose of Review The purpose of this review is to summarize the current
knowledge on the role of CD4+ T lymphocytes leading to HIV assault and persistence in the …

ABSTRACT HIV-1 poorly infects monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs). This is in large
part due to SAMHD1, which restricts viral reverse transcription. Pseudotyping HIV-1 with …