Stem cells are proposed to continuously secrete trophic factors that potentially serve as
mediators of autocrine and paracrine activities, associated with reprogramming of the tumor …

Gap junctions are membrane structures made of intercellular channels which permit the
diffusion from cytoplasm to cytoplasm of small hydrophilic molecules. Nearly 40 years ago …

Background.–We have established proliferating human cardiomyocyte cell lines derived
from non-proliferating primary cultures of adult ventricular heart tissue, using a novel method …

Denervation of skeletal muscles induces severe muscle atrophy, which is preceded by
cellular alterations such as increased plasma membrane permeability, reduced resting …

Inflammation may be caused by a variety of factors and is a hallmark of a plethora of acute
and chronic diseases. The purpose of inflammation is to eliminate the initial cell injury …

The syncytiotrophoblast is the principal component of the human placenta involved in feto-
maternal exchanges and hormone secretion. The syncytiotrophoblast arises from the fusion …

Engineered three-dimensional models of neuromuscular tissues are promising for use in
mimicking their disorder states in vitro. Although several models have been developed, it is …

Electrical signalling in biology is typically associated with action potentials—transient spikes
in membrane voltage that return to baseline. Hodgkin–Huxley and related conductance …

The molecular mechanisms regulating skeletal muscle regeneration and differentiation are
not well understood. We analyzed the expression of connexins (Cxs) 40, 43 and 45 in …

The innervation of skeletal myofibers exerts a crucial influence on the maintenance of
muscle tone and normal operation. Consequently, denervated myofibers manifest atrophy …