Heavy metal (HM) stress in plants has received considerable global attention as it threatens
sustainable growth in agriculture worldwide. Hence, desperate efforts have been …

Cadmium (Cd) is one of the non-essential, highly toxic environmental pollutants worldwide
causing serious environmental and agricultural problems. Elevated Cd doses are …

Heavy metal (HM)-mediated toxic effects on plants have attained considerable attention
worldwide as they directly threaten the food supply chain. Although various measures have …

Plants confront multifarious environmental stresses widely divided into abiotic and biotic
stresses, of which heavy metal stress represents one of the most damaging abiotic stresses …

A range of man-made activities promote the enrichment of world-wide agricultural soils with
a myriad of chemical pollutants including cadmium (Cd). Owing to its significant toxic …

Phytohormones mediate plant development and responses to stresses caused by biotic
agents or abiotic factors. The functions of phytohormones in responses to viral infection have …

The recent rapid climate changes and increasing global population have led to an increased
incidence of abiotic stress and decreased crop productivity. Environmental stresses, such as …

Trichoderma hamatum strain Th23, isolated from tomato roots, was molecularly identified
using phylogenetic analysis based on ITS, tef1, and rpb2 gene sequences and evaluated for …

Cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV) is a deadly plant virus that results in crop-yield losses
with serious economic consequences. In recent years, environmentally friendly components …

Abstract Cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As), non essential, but toxic, elements for animals and
plants are frequently present in paddy fields. Oryza sativa L., a staple food for at least the …