Purpose: To review and characterise biomechanical approaches for the measurement of
spasticity as one component of the upper motor neurone syndrome. Method: Systematic …

In an effort to improve the performance of the standard internal combustion (IC) engine,
electromagnetic valve actuators (EVAs) have been proposed as a solution to achieve …

This paper presents the development, testing and performance evaluation of a patellar
tendon reflex measurement system to provide a quantitative reflex evaluation for use by …

Background: Reflex assessment, an essential element in the investigation of the motor
system, is currently assessed through qualitative description, which lacks of normal values in …

We present a novel instrumentation system for studying tendon and spinal reflexes using a
commercial linear servo-motor as a precisely controlled tendon hammer. The system uses a …

Stretch reflex is usually assessed by using a hammer, tapped at the tendon to yield reflex
response. The strength of the reflex response is classified to a particular scale as an …

This chapter reviews the significance of deep tendon reflexes, some common methods in
clinical reflex assessment, and describes current issues encountered by the methods. It …

Presents the design and performance of a new sensor interface involving sigma-delta A-to-D
conversion and PI (Proportional Integral) or PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) control in …

Purpose: To review and characterise biomechanical approaches for the measurement of
spasticity as one component of the upper rnotor neurone syndrome. Aſethod: Systemațic …