This paper aims to provide an overview on recent advances in ionospheric modeling
capabilities, with the emphasis in the efforts relevant to electron density variability. The …

Abstract The Assimilative Canadian High Arctic Ionospheric Model (A‐CHAIM) is an
operational ionospheric data assimilation model that provides a 3D representation of the …

Here, we assess to what extent the Empirical Canadian High Arctic Ionospheric Model (E‐
CHAIM) can reproduce the climatological variations of vertical Total Electron Content (vTEC) …

We develop a climatological model for the Arctic ionosphere based on more than one solar
cycle of data (2010–2021) of the rate of change of the total electron content index (ROTI) …

Abstract The Empirical Canadian High Artic Ionospheric Model (E‐CHAIM) provides the four‐
dimensional ionosphere electron density at northern high latitudes (> 50° geomagnetic …

Sky-wave over-the-horizon radar (OTHR) propagates radio waves off the ionosphere to
provide long-range surveillance around the Earth's curvature. Frequency selection for high …

The electron density in the ionosphere usually continuously decreases during nighttime due
to the vanishing of sunlit ionization. However, it sometimes increases unexpectedly, which …

Over‐the‐horizon radar (OTHR) systems operating in the high‐frequency (HF) band (3–30
MHz) are unique in their ability to detect targets at extreme ranges, offering cost‐effective …

When using ionospheric models, great importance is attached to their testing. The most
widespread International Reference Ionosphere model is constantly being tested on a …

In this study, predictions of the E-CHAIM ionospheric model are compared with
measurements by the incoherent scatter radars RISR at Resolute Bay, Canada, in the …