Across Latin America, societies are confronting the rise of novel orders in which state
officials and political authorities share power with criminal organizations. Criminal …

" In the most widely-accepted minimalist definition, democracy is conceived as a governance
system in which citizens select their representatives through competitive elections and …

Violence after civil war is a challenge to sustainable peace. Many armed conflicts today are
recurrences of previous wars and much of the literature on violence after war explains why …

Over the last decade, organized criminal violence has reached unprecedented levels and
has caused as much violent death globally as direct armed conflict. Nonetheless, the study …

State interventions against organized criminal groups (OCGs) sometimes work to improve
security, but often exacerbate violence. To understand why, this article offers a theory about …

The post-cold war era has seen an unmistakable trend toward the proliferation of violent non-
state groups-variously labeled terrorists, rebels, paramilitaries, gangs, and criminals-near …

Why has violence spiked in Latin America's contemporary democracies? What explains its
temporal and spatial variation? Analyzing the region's uneven homicide levels, this book …

How do organized criminal groups (OCGs) respond to military interventions intended to
weaken and subdue them? In many cases, such crackdowns have proven …

What explains the emergence of vigilante organizations? Throughout the world, vigilantes
emerge to illegally punish perceived criminals, often leading to serious consequences …

There is widespread belief that civil conflict in poorly governed countries is triggered by
surging international demand for their natural resources. We study the consequences of US …