Rapid atmospheric warming since the mid-twentieth century has increased temperature-
dependent erosion and sediment-transport processes in cold environments, affecting food …

Arctic coasts are vulnerable to the effects of climate change, including rising sea levels and
the loss of permafrost, sea ice and glaciers. Assessing the influence of anthropogenic …

Arctic coastal erosion damages infrastructure, threatens coastal communities and releases
organic carbon from permafrost. However, the magnitude, timing and sensitivity of coastal …

This article provides a synthesis of the latest observational trends and projections for the
future of the Arctic. First, the Arctic is already changing rapidly as a result of climate change …

Climate warming threatens to destabilize vast northern permafrost areas, potentially
releasing large quantities of organic carbon that could further disrupt the climate. Here we …

The Arctic is undergoing rapid climate change and is projected to experience the most
warming this century of any world region. We review the societal aspects of these current …

Permafrost is a sub-ground phenomenon and therefore cannot be directly observed from
space. It is an Essential Climate Variable and associated with climate tipping points. Multi …

Permafrost is thawing extensively due to climate warming. When permafrost thaws,
previously frozen organic carbon (OC) is converted into carbon dioxide (CO2) or methane …

Arctic change is expected to destabilize terrestrial carbon (terrOC) in soils and permafrost,
leading to fluvial release, greenhouse gas emission and climate feedback. However …

Climatic changes over the last 50 years resulted in a decrease of permafrost extent, an
increase of permafrost temperature, and deepening of the active layer in numerous locations …