Nitric oxide (NO) is a key signaling molecule in plant physiology. However, its production in
photosynthetic organisms remains partially unresolved. The best characterized NO …

Plants are challenged by a variety of biotic or abiotic stresses, which can affect their growth
and development, productivity, and geographic distribution. In order to survive adverse …

Putrescine (Put) is the starting point of the polyamines (PAs) pathway and the most common
PA in higher plants. It is synthesized by two main pathways (from ornithine and arginine), but …

Biogenic amines—polyamines (PAs), particularly putrescine, spermidine and spermine are
ubiquitous in all living cells. Their indispensable roles in many biochemical and …

Compelling evidence indicates that free polyamines (PAs)(mainly putrescine, spermidine,
spermine, and its isomer thermospermine), some PA conjugates to hydroxycinnamic acids …

Although reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly toxic substances that are produced
during aerobic respiration and photosynthesis, many studies have demonstrated that ROS …

Global climate change and associated adverse abiotic and biotic stress conditions affect
plant growth and development, and agricultural sustainability in general. Abiotic and biotic …

Polyamine (PA) catabolic processes are performed by copper-containing amine oxidases
(CuAOs) and flavin-containing PA oxidases (PAOs). So far, several CuAOs and PAOs have …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced as undesirable by‐products of metabolism in
various cellular compartments, especially in response to unfavorable environmental …

Background Peroxisomes are highly dynamic, metabolically active organelles that used to
be regarded as a sink for H2O2 generated in different organelles. However, peroxisomes …