Melanoma, a skin cancer that develops from pigment cells, has been studied intensively,
particularly in terms of the immune response to tumours, and has been used as a model for …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that involves multiple joints bilaterally.
It is characterized by an inflammation of the tendon (tenosynovitis) resulting in both cartilage …

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have rapidly altered the treatment landscape for multiple
tumor types, providing unprecedented survival in some patients. Despite the characteristic …

Abstract 'Immune checkpoint blockade'for cancer describes the use of therapeutic antibodies
that disrupt negative immune regulatory checkpoints and unleash pre-existing antitumour …

In cancer-immunity cycle, the immune checkpoint PD1 and its ligand PDL1 act as
accomplices to help tumors resist to immunity-induced apoptosis and promote tumor …

Harnessing an antitumor immune response has been a fundamental strategy in cancer
immunotherapy. For over a century, efforts have primarily focused on amplifying immune …

The release of negative regulators of immune activation (immune checkpoints) that limit
antitumor responses has resulted in unprecedented rates of long-lasting tumor responses in …

Cancer is still the leading cause of death globally. The approval of the therapeutic use of
monoclonal antibodies against immune checkpoint molecules, notably those that target the …

Tissue maintenance and repair depend on the integrated activity of multiple cell types.
Whereas the contributions of epithelial,, immune, and stromal cells, in intestinal tissue …

Background Approximately 75% of objective responses to anti–programmed death 1 (PD-1)
therapy in patients with melanoma are durable, lasting for years, but delayed relapses have …