Few phenomena in childhood are as compelling—and mystifying—as play. We review five
proposals about the relationship between play and development. We believe each captures …

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When published in 1980, Benjamin B. Beck's Animal Tool Behavior was the first volume to
catalog and analyze the complete literature on tool use and manufacture in non-human …

Creating a healthy, social classroom environment. This book explains how the brain, as a
social organism, learns best throughout the lifespan, from our early schooling through late …

In The Genesis of Animal Play, Gordon Burghardt examines the origins and evolution of play
in humans and animals. He asks what play might mean in our understanding of evolution …

The recognition of animal pain and stress, once controversial, is now acknowledged by
legislation in many countries, but there is no formal recognition of animals' ability to feel …

Marine mammals include cetaceans, pinnipeds, sirenians, sea otters and polar bears, many
of which are charismatic and popular species commonly kept under human care in zoos and …

Mirror-self recognition (MSR) is a behavioral indicator of self-awareness in young children
and only a few other species, including the great apes, dolphins, elephants and magpies …

Although play behavior is difficult to define, it has been abundantly documented in the
cetaceanliterature. Play behavior is prevalent among the various taxa and is exhibited by …

Observations of the spontaneous play behaviors of a group of captive bottlenose dolphins
(Tursiops truncatus) revealed that each individual calf's play became more complex with …