On the eve of component procurement, this paper discusses the present physics basis for
the first ITER tungsten (W) divertor, beginning with a reminder of the key elements defining …

In this paper, the theory of collisional and turbulent transport of impurities in tokamak
plasmas is reviewed. The results are presented with the aim of providing at the same time a …

Future fusion reactors require a safe, steady state divertor operation. The required detached
operation is, in tokamaks with metal walls, usually achieved by seeding of impurities, such …

Observations of divertor plasma detachment in tokamaks are reviewed. Plasma detachment
is characterized in terms of transport and dissipation of power, momentum and particle flux …

The basic physics of the processes playing the most important role in divertor plasma
detachment is reviewed. The models used in the two-dimensional edge plasma transport …

Divertor detachment offers a promising solution to the challenge of plasma-wall interactions
for steady-state operation of fusion reactors. Here, we demonstrate the excellent …

A large scale program to develop a conceptual design for a demonstration fusion power
plant (DEMO) has been initiated in Europe. Central elements are the baseline design points …

Future fusion reactors require a safe, steady state divertor operation. A possible solution for
the power exhaust challenge is the detached divertor operation in scenarios with high …

Using newly developed spectroscopic models to measure the divertor concentration of Ne
and Ar, it is shown that the experimental detachment threshold on ASDEX Upgrade with Ar …

Impurity seeding into a tokamak divertor for radiative cooling is considered as a tool for
achieving detached/semi-detached regimes required to meet the condition of acceptable …