Sleep–wake functions and respiration depend upon the integrity of neuronal networks in the
brainstem and cerebral hemispheres. Following stroke, sleep–wake disorders (SWDs) and …

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have long-term implications on functioning at multiple
levels. In this perspective, we offer a brainstem-informed autism framework (BIAF) that traces …

Objective Changes in sleep architecture following ischemic stroke have been poorly
investigated. Our objective was to explore changes of sleep structure in patients with …

Background: Regulation of sleep and sleep-related breathing resides in different brain
structures. Vascular lesions can be expected to differ in their consequences on sleep …

Objective Previous neuroimaging studies have shown subtle structural changes of the brain
in various sleep disorders, suggesting detrimental effects of disrupted sleep–wake cycle on …

Studies using various methodologies have implicated n. reticularis pontis oralis (RPO) and
n. subcoeruleus (SubC) in the generation of rapid eye movement sleep (REM). In rats …

Over the past several decades, the neural mechanisms underlying REM sleep have become
increasingly understood. A more detailed understanding of the respective roles of the …

Pontine structures are critical for the generation of rapid eye movement sleep but there are
only a few reports of the effects of focal pontine lesions on sleep patterns in humans. We …

A large number of structures throughout the brain (preoptic area of the hypothalamus,
thalamus, brainstem, and posterior hypothalamus) are involved in sleep–wake regulation …

The phenomenological relationship between consciousness and sleep are reviewed.
Consciousness has a selfreflexive component, and while sleeping that is not working as in …