Fish encounter harsh ionic/osmotic gradients on their aquatic environments, and the
mechanisms through which they maintain internal homeostasis are more challenging …

The article discusses advances in osmoregulation and excretion with emphasis on how
multicellular animals in different osmotic environments regulate their milieu intérieur …

The parr–smolt transformation of anadromous salmonids is a suite of behavioral,
morphological, and physiological changes that are preparatory for downstream migration …

The skin, gills, and gut are the most extensively studied mucosal organs in fish. These
mucosal structures provide the intimate interface between the internal and external milieus …

Paracellular permeability characteristics of the fish gill epithelium are broadly accepted to
play a key role in piscine salt and water balance. This is typically associated with differences …

Osmotic balance in fish is maintained through the coordinated regulation of water and ion
transport performed by epithelia in intestine, kidney and gill. In the current study, six …

Fish living in marine and freshwater environments face contrasting challenges in terms of
maintaining salt and water balance. The present chapter summarizes and reviews much of …

The anadromous salmonid life cycle includes both fresh water (FW) and seawater (SW)
stages. The parr-smolt transformation (smoltification) pre-adapt the fish to SW while still in …

Fish aquaculture facilities strive to maintain abiotic conditions that optimise somatic growth.
Two physiological systems that are critically linked to environmental abiotic factors are ion …

Multiple rounds of whole genome duplication have repeatedly marked the evolution of
vertebrates, and correlate strongly with morphological innovation. However, less is known …