Introduction and hypothesis The term 'maternal birth trauma'has undergone substantial
changes in meaning over the last 2 decades. Leaving aside psychological morbidity …

Perineal injury during childbirth is a common event with important morbidity associated in
particular with third-and-fourth degree perineal tears (also referred to as obstetric anal …

The widespread use of imaging has the potential to change the management of pelvic floor
morbidity, such as urinary and anal incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse and related …

Introduction Obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI) complicates around 5% of deliveries in
primiparas. The study objective was to assess the utility of three‐dimensional endoanal …

Abstract Brief Summary: Maternal somatic birth trauma due to vaginal delivery is more
common than generally assumed and an important cause of future morbidity. Maternal birth …

This article is being published concurrently in Diseases of the Colon & Rectum, International
Urogynecology Journal, and Urogynecology. The articles are identical except for minor …

This review presents the available data on the diagnosis of obstetrical anal sphincter injury
by postnatal ultrasound imaging. There is increasing evidence that anal sphincter tears are …

Purpose The aim of the study was to investigate the association between the initial grade of
obstetrical anal sphincter injury (OASIS), and Wexner score parameters, with …

Introduction and hypothesis Obstetric anal sphincter tears are the single major modifiable
risk factor for anal incontinence (AI) in women. We undertook a retrospective observational …

Introduction: Anal sphincter injury, mainly due to obstetric or iatrogenic etiology, is the most
common cause of fecal incontinence (FI). Three-dimensional endoanal ultrasound (3D …