To achieve carbon neutrality and carbon peaking goals, biomanufacturing of high-value
chemicals from sustainable biorefinery has emerged as an attractive alternative to traditional …

As microbial membranes are naturally impermeable to even the smallest biomolecules,
transporter proteins are physiologically essential for normal cell functioning. This makes …

Self-assembly is ubiquitous in the realm of biology and has become an elegant bottom-up
approach to fabricate new materials. Although molecular dynamics (MD) simulations can …

Hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) is a top value-added chemical with multifaceted application in
chemical, material, and food field. However, limited availability of robust strains and elevated …

Biotin, also known as vitamin H or B7, acts as a crucial cofactor in the central metabolism
processes of fatty acids, amino acids, and carbohydrates. Biotin has important applications …

The periplasm of Gram-negative bacteria is a complex, highly crowded molecular
environment. Little is known about how antibiotics move across the periplasm and the …

Introduction Nodulin-26-like intrinsic proteins (NIPs) are integral membrane proteins
belonging to the aquaporin family, that facilitate the transport of neutral solutes across the …

Lipases are widely used enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis and alcoholysis of fatty acid
esters. At high concentrations of small alcohols such as methanol or ethanol, many lipases …

The cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria is a crowded tripartite architecture that
separates the cell interior from the external environment. Two membranes encapsulate the …

Abstract The aquaglyceroporin-7 (AQP7) protein channels facilitate the permeation of
glycerol and water molecules through cell membranes by passive diffusion and play a …