The revolution in microbiota research over the past decade has provided invaluable
knowledge about the function of the microbial species that inhabit the human body. It has …

Allergies, including asthma, food allergy and atopic dermatitis, are increasing in prevalence,
particularly in westernized countries. Although a detailed mechanistic explanation for this …

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is considered the largest immunological organ in the body
having a central role in regulating immune homeostasis. Contrary to earlier belief, the …

Biodiversity hypothesis states that contact with natural environments enriches the human
microbiome, promotes immune balance and protects from allergy and inflammatory …

Primary liver cancer represents a major health problem. It comprises hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), which differ markedly with …

Interaction with intestinal microbes in infancy has a profound impact on health and disease
in later life through programming of immune and metabolic pathways. We collected maternal …

As the tissue macrophages of the CNS, microglia are critically involved in diseases of the
CNS. However, it remains unknown what controls their maturation and activation under …

The immunology of the hygiene hypothesis of allergy is complex and involves the loss of
cellular and humoral immunoregulatory pathways as a result of the adoption of a Western …

Asthma is prevalent in Western countries, and recent explanations have evoked the actions
of the gut microbiota. Here we show that feeding mice a high-fibre diet yields a distinctive gut …

Skin barrier structure and function is essential to human health. Hitherto unrecognized
functions of epidermal keratinocytes show that the skin plays an important role in adapting …