Human breast milk is considered the optimum feeding regime for newborn infants due to its
ability to provide complete nutrition and many bioactive health factors. Breast feeding is …

Exclusive human milk feeding for the first 6 months of life, with continued breastfeeding for 1
to 2 years of life or longer, is recognized as the normative standard for infant feeding. 1, 2 …

Preterm birth is an increasing worldwide problem. Prematurity is the second most common
cause of death in children under 5 years of age. It is associated with a higher risk of several …

Breast milk is an unbeatable food that covers all the nutritional requirements of an infant in
its different stages of growth up to six months after birth. In addition, breastfeeding benefits …

The influence of the gut microbiota on brain chemistry has been convincingly demonstrated
in rodents. In the absence of gut bacteria, the central expression of brain derived neurotropic …

Microbes colonize the human body during the first moments of life and coexist with the host
throughout the lifespan. Intestinal microbiota and their metabolites aid in the programming of …

Background Data on the neuromodulatory effects of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor
(BDNF) in the gastrointestinal tract were recently reported, but there are still no data on the …

Antibiotic use during adolescence may result in dysbiosis-induced neuronal vulnerability
both in the enteric nervous system (ENS) and central nervous system (CNS) contributing to …

Objective Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a member of the neurotrophin family,
may play a critical role in many chronic pain conditions. The possible involvement of BDNF …

Background Currently, no single serum biomarker can reliably differentiate irritable bowel
syndrome (IBS) from other functional gastrointestinal disorders or organic diseases of the …