Calcium is used in many cellular processes and is maintained within the cell as free calcium
at low concentrations (approximately 100 nM), compared with extracellular (millimolar) …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia and is currently one of the
biggest public health concerns in the world. Mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons is one of …

A large body of evidence indicates the existence of a complex pathophysiological
relationship between cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Mitochondria are crucial …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder pathologically distinguished by
degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Muscle …

Mitochondria are essential for proper cellular function through their critical roles in ATP
synthesis, reactive oxygen species production, calcium (Ca2+) buffering, and apoptotic …

Calcium (Ca 2+) is a key regulator in diverse intracellular signaling pathways and has long
been implicated in metabolic control and mitochondrial function. Mitochondria can actively …

An increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+] i) controls virtually all endothelial
cell functions and is, therefore, crucial to maintain cardiovascular homeostasis. An aberrant …

Simple Summary Chemotherapy resistance is a common occurrence during cancer
treatment that cancer researchers are attempting to understand and overcome. Mitochondria …

Multiple forms of regulated cell death (RCD) have been characterized, each of which
originates from the activation of a dedicated molecular machinery. RCD can occur in purely …

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a high-mortality pulmonary disorder
characterized by an intense inflammatory response and a cytokine storm. As of yet, there is …