Abstract Nearly 100 years ago, Ivan Pavlov demonstrated that dogs could learn to use a
neutral cue to predict a biologically relevant event: after repeated predictive pairings …

Pathological fear and anxiety are highly debilitating and, despite considerable advances in
psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy they remain insufficiently treated in many patients with …

Exposure-based treatments for clinical anxiety generally are very effective, but relapse is not
uncommon. Likewise, laboratory studies have shown that conditioned fears are easy to …

Why do only some individuals develop pathological anxiety following adverse events? Fear
acquisition, extinction and return of fear paradigms serve as experimental learning models …

Initiated as part of the ongoing deliberation about the nosological structure of DSM, this
review aims to evaluate whether the anxiety disorders share features of responding that …

In this article, we introduce the method of measuring skin conductance responses (SCR)
reflecting peripheral (bodily) signals associated with emotions, decisions, and eventually …

In this review, the authors propose that the fear extinction model can be used as an
experimental tool to cut across symptom dimensions of multiple anxiety disorders to …

The hippocampus has been implicated in modulating anxiety. It interacts with a variety of
brain regions, both cortical and subcortical areas regulating emotion and stress responses …

Fear extinction is a form of inhibitory learning that allows for the adaptive control of
conditioned fear responses. Although fear extinction is an active learning process that …

Fear conditioning is one of the prime paradigms of behavioural neuroscience and a source
of tremendous insight in the fundamentals of learning and memory and the psychology and …