Interest in emulating the properties of biological muscles that allow for fast adaptability and
control in unstructured environments has motivated researchers to develop new soft …

In the last years, several studies have been focused on understanding how the central
nervous system controls muscles to perform a specific motor task. Although it still remains an …

Introduction Muscle synergies have been proposed as a strategy employed by the central
nervous system to control movements. Muscle synergy analysis is a well-established …

Quantifying movement variability is a crucial aspect for clinical and laboratory investigations
in several contexts. However, very few studies have assessed, in detail, the intra-subject …

One of the current challenges for translational rehabilitation research is to develop the
strategies to deliver accurate evaluation, prediction, patient selection, and decision-making …

Modular organization of human movement has been studied for several decades using
muscle synergy analysis. Whether the reduction in control dimensionality calculated by …

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is capable of activating muscles that are under-
recruited in neurological diseases, such as stroke. Therefore, FES provides a promising …

Objective. Stroke affects the expression of muscle synergies underlying motor control, most
notably in patients with poorer motor function. The majority of studies on muscle synergies …

Dystrophic cardiomyopathy is a significant feature of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD).
Increased cardiomyocyte cytosolic calcium (Ca 2+) and interstitial fibrosis are major …

Muscle synergy-based functional electrical stimulation had improved movement kinematics
instantly and in long-term use in post-stroke patients. However, the therapeutic benefits and …