A successful pregnancy requires a fine-tuned and highly regulated balance between
immune activation and embryonic antigen tolerance. Since the fetus is semi-allogeneic, the …

At implantation, the embryo expresses paternally derived alloantigens and evokes
inflammation that can threaten reproductive success. To ensure a robust placenta and …

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) represents an unresolved problem for contemporary
gynecology and obstetrics. In fact, it is not only a relevant complication of pregnancy, but is …

Pregnancy involves a complex interplay between maternal neuroendocrine and
immunological systems in order to establish and sustain a growing fetus. It is thought that the …

Preeclampsia syndrome is characterized by inadequate placentation, because of deficient
trophoblastic invasion of the uterine spiral arteries, leading to placental hypoxia, secretion of …

BACKGROUND Adaptation of the maternal immune response to accommodate the semi-
allogeneic fetus is necessary for pregnancy success, and disturbances in maternal tolerance …

Seminal fluid is often assumed to have just one function in mammalian reproduction,
delivering sperm to fertilize oocytes. But seminal fluid also transmits signaling agents that …

Macrophages are commonly thought to contribute to the pathophysiology of preterm labor by
amplifying inflammation—but a protective role has not previously been considered to our …

Implantation is a key stage during pregnancy, as the fate of the embryo is often decided
upon its first contact with the maternal endometrium. Around this time, DCs accumulate in …

Tumors contain well-oxygenated (aerobic) and poorly oxygenated (hypoxic) regions, which
were thought to utilize glucose for oxidative and glycolytic metabolism, respectively. In this …