Small GTPases use GDP/GTP alternation to actuate a variety of functional switches that are
pivotal for cell dynamics. The GTPase switch is turned on by GEFs, which stimulate …

Detailed structural, biochemical, cell biological, and genetic studies of any gene/protein are
required to develop models of its actions in cells. Studying a protein family in the aggregate …

Members of the ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) family of guanine-nucleotide-binding (G)
proteins, including the ARF-like (ARL) proteins and SAR1, regulate membrane traffic and …

Synaptotagmin-1 and neuronal SNARE proteins have central roles in evoked synchronous
neurotransmitter release; however, it is unknown how they cooperate to trigger synaptic …

Abstract ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (Arf1) interacts with multiple cellular partners and
membranes to regulate intracellular traffic, organelle structure and actin dynamics. Defining …

Transport of material within cells is mediated by trafficking vesicles that bud from one cellular
compartment and fuse with another. Formation of a trafficking vesicle is driven by membrane …

COPI‐coated vesicles mediate transport between Golgi stacks and retrograde transport from
the Golgi to the endoplasmic reticulum. The COPI coat exists as a stable heptameric …

In eukaryotes, distinct transport vesicles functionally connect various intracellular
compartments. These carriers mediate transport of membranes for the biogenesis and …

The landscape of human phosphorylation networks has not been systematically explored,
representing vast, unchartered territories within cellular signaling networks. Although a large …

COPI coated vesicles mediate trafficking within the Golgi apparatus and between the Golgi
and the endoplasmic reticulum. Assembly of a COPI coated vesicle is initiated by the small …